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Download Free PDF. Related Papers. Black Families of Hampden County, Massachusetts: Savannah River Archaeological …. Baxter 5 May March Her knowledge of local history, geographical landmarks, and experience with deed and survey research was invaluable in finding these old parcels of land.
The research for this report was a collaborative effort. This report incorporates various ideas, inferences, and connections contributed by both researchers. The earliest documented members of the Cam family were Noah and George, likely brothers, who were both free African-Americans.
Both bought property in Huntington and raised families. How does one resolve this apparent contradiction? There are two potential explanations: 1 The Cam family intermarried with the Native Americans and built the site themselves; 2 The Cam family had ties to Native American community and allowed them to use the property for their ceremonies.
In order to address these possibilities, we needed to reconstruct the extended Cam family in Huntington. This effort proved successful in finding evidence that the Cam family had ties with members of the Golden Hill Paugussett Tribe in Trumbull, CT from the s onward.
Since the Cam family has not been previous documented, all of the information uncovered about them has been included in this report. The report is divided into three sections. The second section summarizes what is known about the other Cam family members and addresses the question of their relationship with Golden Hills Paugussett Tribe. The third section organizes all of the known information about them by family groups.
The homestead was in the possession of the Cam family from through circa It was briefly owned by the Town of Huntington now the City of Shelton before being sold to a real estate speculator buying up land in the area in anticipation of the Shelton Water Company converting Cranberry Swamp into a reservoir.
In , the water company purchased the land and knocked down the buildings. All of the available evidence suggests the Cam family were the only people to live on the property. The probate records do not detail which properties were rented. There is no evidence indicating the house was occupied after Note: The E.
Red outline represents an alternative configuration of the 0. Containing six acres Bounded Westerly and Southerly On highway. Easterly on Jonathan French. Northerly on Joseph Beardslee. Granniss and Southerly and Westerly by Highway containing seven acres more or less.
Meaning hereby to convey to the Selectman and their successors of said Huntington the premises where I now live with all the buildings thereon. These landmarks provided an initial rough location of the 6 acres and 0. There is some confusion in the deeds as to how many sides of the property bordered on highways. Instead it listed property owners on the east side.
Records held by the Connecticut State Library. The deed appears to have transposed the location of the highway on easterly side with the location of Joseph Perry and Daniel French on northerly side. Clerical error? The stone wall system was mapped out from aerial photos. This provided additional landmarks to begin to refine the boundaries. This placed the foundation outside of the footprint of the six acre lot which is consistent with the deed history.
This configuration of the lot as shown in figure 2 is estimated by the GIS software to be 6 acres. According to the deed the 0. This may be nothing more than a clerical error when the deed was transcribed into the town records.
The red outline shows a 0. There is a section of north-south running stone wall east of the foundation which raises the possibility of an alternative configuration which is shown as a yellow highlighted area. This represents a rectangular strip of land along the border of the 6 acre lot. A water main was constructed through this section of property by the Bridgeport Hydraulic Company successor to the Shelton Water Company.
In an interview of xxxxxxxxxx, who owns a neighboring property, Teresa Gallagher learned the house site was destroyed by the water main construction. I had him show me on a map, and it was very close to where you had asked me to look earlier, but closer to xxxxxx. He put a covered over many years ago so no one would fall in. The berm has a high concentration of stones visible in it. These may be the remains of a low sill wall foundation.
The feature could potentially be remains of an outbuilding like a barn, woodshed, or workshop. It would need to be archaeologically tested to determine its age and function. I was unable to accurately map its original location as shown on the map. Cam house westward to xxxxxxx which was altered in the 20th century. The original location of the road is shown on the map.
There is a high concentration of stones in the berm. The age and purpose of the feature is unknown but it could potentially have been an outbuilding.
Augustine m. Cam Jr. Matthew Hawley. Hawley emancipated them in The clerk makes references to the Gradual Abolition Act of enacting by the Connecticut Legislature which granted freedom to all slaves born after March 1, upon their 25th birthday.
The names of two girls born after are carefully recorded. The clerk also recorded the marriage and children of two other black families. George Cam, born December 14, married Lilphia on December 25, She was five months pregnant at the time. She gave birth to Archabel on April 4, Noah Cam, born April 12, married Phillis b. Three children are listed in the record in Four additional children were added in or after by a clerk with a different handwriting. They were born four years apart.
Based upon that information it can be surmised that George and Noah were likely brothers. Teresa Gallagher noted that these are the only free African-American families listed in the first volume of town records. If correct, it would suggest George and Noah were born in Huntington. Ironically, a later generation of the Cam family has a burial plot adjacent to one of Shelton family plots in the Long Hill Cemetery. Noah Cam purchased a small dwelling house with 1 acre of land in the Upper White Hills section of town in George Cam purchased a six acre lot in in the French School District.
These are the earliest land transactions in Huntington for the Cam family. A little over a month later, on May 10 th, George Cam bought a six acre parcel from Isaac Hill for 24 pounds. The center section of the property was covered by Cranberry Swamp and the southeastern section had exposed bedrock outcrops.
The west side near xxxxxxxxxxx has fairly flat terrain without any outcrops. Although it had some surface glacial stones, it was the most logical place for a house on this marginal piece of land.
George instead opted to build a small house in the southeast corner near the outcrops. This location was more isolated being away from xxxxxxxxxxx which at the time was one of main roads connecting to xxxxxxxxxxxxxx. The ruins of a three side dry masonry 7 v. Prior to , Huntington was a parish of Strafford. Freeman is likely a description of his legal status rather than a last name.
The recovery of forks, knives and thimbles confirm this was a dwelling house. An amicable solution was found. Jonas sold George 68 square rods 0. The water source for the dwelling house was either a well on the property which is no longer visible i. The well is located on a different parcel of land whose ownership has not been ascertained. Teresa Gallagher interviewed xxxxxxxxx who is in his 60s and who lives on the south side xxxxxx at the corner of xxxxxx across the road from the 6 acre Cam homestead.
He said the old xxxxxx used to split towards the end, with one arm headed toward xxxxxxx. Also, there was a guy that used to head into the woods near his property and come out with buckets of arrowheads that he sold to some dentist in Derby. Claimed there was a big cave back there, but no one could find it. The oral history places another African-American dwelling house to the south or southwest of xxxxxxx which was still standing in Mr.
This house may have been associated with the well. On February 15, , George purchased a Teresa Gallagher successfully forward traced this parcel and identified it as the former xxxx on xxxxxx. The parcel consists of a sloping upland section hillside and a lower swampy section. It has a stream flowing through it. They also had a third child, Nancy, who was born between who married Robert Jackson. He obtained a two year mortgage from Agur Judson, Esq.
On the map excerpt shown in figure 1, it was located where the E. Only the mortgage deed exists v. George retained ownership of the other half 2. George may have used it as an outlying farm field i.
Both scenarios were common practice. In , George bought 4 acres of land from Levi Curtiss at the outlet of a swamp for dollars. This was a substantial sum of money and there is no record of George obtaining a mortgage. He most likely paid either in cash or goods for it. Coins which include Spanish silver reals recovered from near the foundation indicate he had cash.
Wheeler house shown on the map in fig. Why did he acquire this expensive parcel along with the earlier A crosscut saw for timber harvesting, one or more axes, a wood splitting wedge, and a mortise axe were found at the house site.
The evidence suggests George had some type of wood working occupation or business. This would account for him having cash to purchase additional land and the need for woodlots to supplied timber for it. George may have been interested in certain types of trees like northern white cedar that grow in wetlands environments. John Cam and his wife Acha and their daughter were living in the same neighborhood as George and Archibald according to the census.
Where was John living? There are several valid possibilities. A stone lined well found near the wetlands on the However, there is no mention in any of the deeds or probate records of any buildings on the property. A third possibility is John 16 v. Teresa Gallagher has noted the swamp on 4 acre parcel was more hummocky then is typical for red maples and may indicate a former cedar swamp.
Perry is shown northeast of A. Cam on the map. Hawley is shown on the map. They may have lived in this house. The house may have been a rental property. George is not listed in the census.
He would have been 65 years old. It is not known whether he was missed by the census taker, out of town, or living in another household. George died on Dec. His death was recorded in St. There are no household items chairs, tables, cooking utensils, etc. The household items were likely distributed before his death and George was living with one of his children.
The most logical choice would have been Archibald. George had a substantial amount of hay. This would indicate a small barn on the 6 acres. The recovery of a stirrup, buckles to horse tack, and oxen shoes indicates the presence of a horse and oxen on the property during the 19 th century. This may have been an unsecured loan. George had a network of people in the Huntington community whom he interacted with and who were willing to extend various lines of credit presumably for goods and services.
The African- American families seem to have been a part of the larger town community rather than isolated from it. The remainder of the estate, the 6 acre homestead and the They held the property in common with no specific provisions for who had use of what buildings or sections of the properties. This type of tenants in common inheritance occurred with some frequency in 19 th century probate distributions especially when no will existed.
This type of arrangement was generally impractical. There were two common solutions: 1 sell the property and divide the money evenly, 2 one person buys out the inheritance from the others. Nancy was living with her husband in New Haven, CT which left Archibald and John as the only two who would directly benefit from the use of properties. Although the details were never recorded in a registered deed with the town clerk, it appears that Archibald became the sole owner of the six acres and John sole owner of the The mortgage deed listed Archibald as the only owner.
In , John Sr. Archibald Cam By the census, Archibald with his wife Phillys, two sons, and a daughter were living in their own household in the southwest corner of the 6 acre parcel.
None of the Cam family were listed in census so it is unclear how early the household was setup. The census suggests there may have been one more daughter. Nancy and Emily were baptized at St. Neither Archibald nor Silliman could read or write. The African-American community had its own quasi government which handled both social and political matters within their own community. Smith in Trumbull, and continue a reasonable time.
A general attendance of People of Color is earnestly solicited ; and those liable by Law are hereby commanded to appear equipped and uniformed as is customary on such days. Archibald Cam, Brigadier General. Dated Head Quarters, Huntington, October 4, Archibald had to do some traveling to fulfill his duties. Archibald may have had a saddle horse.
This would make sense given his political duties took him to other towns. Archibald worked as a farm laborer as late as the age of The census lists this as his occupation.
She was still living with them in and was attending school. She married James W. Samuels of Seymour in In , Archibald signed over the homestead, listed as 7 acres with buildings, to the selectman of the Town of Huntington, to compensate the town for the costs they were incurring for his care.
The census lists him as head of household. Maria Brinsmade a single black woman age 65 is listed as a housekeeper. She may have been hired by the town. Later in or sometime in , he was moved to the Huntington Almshouse where he died in December A brief newspaper obituary gave his age as it was actually Cranberry Swamp seemed like a logical place for a future reservoir. Blakeman set about buying and consolidating parcels in and around the swamp in what appears to have been a real estate speculation scheme.
The intent appears to have been to sell the land to the water company at a profit. At the time of the sale, the property still had buildings. The buildings were torn down by the company. There is no information available as to whether the houses were rented by Blakeman or not. The lack of late 19 th or early 20th century metal artifacts suggests they were left vacant. He married Acha Lewis on March 24, at St.
By the census, John and Acha had setup their own household in the same neighborhood as Archibald and George.
See discussion under George Cam above. In September , John purchased 8 acres of land with buildings i.
The property was divided between his two sons when he died in It is not clear which of these two houses was the one referenced in deed. Later deeds indicated both houses had barns with them. John Jr. John Cam Sr. The property is characterized rocky outcrops along Long Hill Avenue with farmable land on a plateau to the east of the outcrops.
The aerial photo showed both houses were accompanied by open farm fields. However, the mortality census schedule listed his occupation as farmer which is consistent with the other evidence. John most likely worked his own farm as well as hiring out as a farmer laborer.
The census indicates there may have been three other daughters as well. The same census indicates an older man and woman age also in the household. In , John purchased the 5.
In , John purchased a 3. The parcel was located on Long Hill Ave. On January 21, , due to failing health, John made a will. He died shortly afterwards on the th The census mortality schedule listed his cause of death as consumption i. The will divided his estate between John Jr. John never stated why he made this unusual arrangement. The estate went through the probate process. The census indicates both John Jr. This would suggest that John Jr. As of , John Jr. When he died in , his homestead had 12 acres, a 3 acre discrepancy.
Either John Sr. In , the town selectman were asked to handle a fence division between John Jr. Although unstated, the purpose of this fence division was to determine what part of the common fence each brother was responsible for maintaining and keeping in good repairs.
These types of arrangements between adjacent landowners were common practice. The ages do not match, but the census taker could have marked the wrong column. In John Cam Sr. John L. The Kneen St. Burlock received a life tenancy in the Kneen St. When John L. North is to the right. Some of the boundaries are delineated by stone walls. They had at least six children of whom we know the names of five: Charles F. John Cam had ties with the Shermans.
Mary E. Charles learned the printing trade. A trade he continued to practice into the s. She was identified in the Census Trumbull as Native American. John was 57 years old at the time of their marriage. There is no record of them having children. John died in January His will left his entire estate to Huldah.
The She died in in Hartford, CT. She left the Long Hill Ave. Burlock had a life tenancy in the property. Where he lived between and is not known. Hannah Treadway who was in John Cam Sr. I will never even consider using anyone other than Keith for any tile project.
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